Post by supposn1 on May 26, 2018 20:39:27 GMT -6
Annual trade deficits are always net detrimental to their nation's GDP and drag upon their numbers of jobs:
Annual trade deficits indicate their nation used and or consumed more products than they produced.
Similarly, a nation's annual positive balance of trade, (i.e. a trade surplus) indicates the nation produced more products then it used and or consumed. Domestic employment, (i.e. numbers of jobs) are dependent upon domestic production.
There are enterprises in industries that we would suppose our unrelated, but they generate commercial activity between them. (e.g. a coffee shop or a pizza parlor near a producer of goods, or a cartoonist that that provides content for that producer's in-house posters or company bulletins are two of many examples.
If due to production for export, more people in the nation are working more hours, and/or otherwise producing more, at more production sites, using more components and supplies, more commercial activity is being generated. (We all do better when we all do better).
Additional production for export generates additional commercial activity. To the extent that a nation fails to continue increasing, or reduces their production for export, they've reduced whatever commercial activity they previously enjoyed due to their foreign trade.
The actual costs of a nation's productions include all of the nation's production supporting goods and service products, and they all fully contribute to their nation's domestic production.; But to the extent that any of those supporting products were not fully reflected within export prices, those prices understate the actual cost of exported goods and services.
Thus, nations net balances of trade actually understate the extents of their international trade's effects upon their nation's domestic production; (i.e. net international trade's contributions to surplus nations and detriments to deficit nations' domestic productions are both understated).
Governments often locate or modify or build public infrastructures more favorable to their jurisdictions' larger producers. Similarly. professional well-qualified advice, opinions, research, and development studies are some examples of production supporting goods and services that may be provided by governments, universities, and other organizations on much lesser than market or at no cost. They mutually benefit from promoting their national or local economies.
These are costs that contribute to their nations' domestic production, but are not fully paid for by the favored producers, and are not reflected in those producers' prices. To the extent that prices of globally traded goods are understated, they understate international trades' effects upon their nation's net domestic product.
Economies of scale are more conspicuous in manufacturing, but they occur to some extent in almost all industries.
The lesser cost per unit of production is less available to U.S. Steel producers because they have a smaller potential home market of USA enterprises purchasing steel. USA has lesser steel purchasers due to lower-priced imports made with steel.
Foreign low-wage producers of cheaper steel sell to customers both within and beyond their nation's borders. Thus, due to economies of scale, they further reduce the per unit costs of their cheaper priced steel.
Economies of scale indirectly contribute to the producing nations GDP by enabling them to increase their production and/or the quality of their production at lesser cost.
The portions of domestic production not fully reflected within the prices of globally traded products, and thus not attributed to their nation's international trade statistics are not estimated or accounted for, but they exist within almost all, if not all nations' economies. To the extent of such trade balances understatements, those nations' trade balances effects upon their domestic production and their numbers of jobs exceed the amounts of their nations' annual net balances of trade.
We know that an enterprise's additional commercial activity can “resonate” with other seemingly less related enterprises and consequentially increase their nation's domestic production. An enterprise's production for export can, and often is such an additional commercial activity; we know international trade balances usually understate their nations net balances effects upon their nation's annual domestic production; We know that trade surplus nations' domestic productions are increased, and trade deficit nations' productions are reduced due to their annual net balances of trade; We know domestic production supports domestic employment.
Beyond the economic benefits of increasing their nations commercial activity and numbers of jobs, increasing domestic production often provides social, technical, and military benefits to their nation.
Respectfully, Supposn